In 2002 the Sultanate of Oman has issued Royal Decree No. 30/2002 Alkad the establishment of the Telecommunications Regulatory Authority to operate independently of the implementation of the public policy of the telecommunications sector and the translation of the inclinations of the government for the Liberation of this important sector in order to launch a telecommunications market and the unveiling in front of the foreign investor to enter the sector led by Oman Telecommunications Company as the the first operator of all telecommunications services in Oman.

In time we feel the progress and development of great quality in this sector, however, we note at the same time, limited Internet users in the Sultanate in general, and especially outside the capital, Muscat, which makes the users of the service far less than what is found in neighboring countries. The reasons for the limited users of the difficulty of the delivery of Internet service and coverage for the poor regions of the Sultanate in view of the horizontal expansion of the physical approach the Sultanate, and the difficult nature of the geographic areas where the stone and desert with another speech, at least with respect to high-speed Internet service ADSL.

The belief in the need to achieve the Sultanate’s modern techniques and the successful achievement of the objectives of the future government in the computerization of the daily life of the people of Oman was the primary motivation for the creation of a powerful union between the government and the Oman Telecommunications Company of the conviction in need of the other parties to achieve the goal so as to build a digital society is able to communicate with modern-style communities of the world other. Perhaps we can take this union as an example to highlight the importance of the role of the private sector to participate to the helm of the leadership of information technology in the Sultanate was the same in all countries of the world. This has translated into the Union by signing a cooperation agreement for the implementation of the joint e-government project was the ambitious broad-based, based upon many of the activities and events such as the “Oman digital society” and “spreading the culture of information technology within the community.” In this context, the company signed with the Oman Telecommunications Information Technology Authority of the Convention on the operation of the network of government ministries and the consolidated public sector institutions to link 750, a government, known MPLS network, which is characterized by security and protection through the security specifications set by the Government, in collaboration with the responsible authorities in the State, taking into account the private sector also need to take advantage of this important project.

In parallel the work of the technical information on a wide area of technological projects in addition to what has been said previously the project “Center for protection from disaster,” a very ambitious project that aims to ensure the availability of digital data in the government until the country was lost to natural disasters, and surprise, is the center on the availability of hotlines for each governmental unit is the only purpose of backup data from those units periodically and keep them in place of ad hoc processing was the highest professional standards and security to operate in the extreme natural conditions such as storms and earthquakes. The Commission, assisted by units of government on the design of security policies that are applied in the computer networks of government units to ensure harmonization with security policy of the State.

The qualitative development in communications technology and the Internet has given community members a wide range to view the information and led to a significant change in the way of life and the interaction between people, as a direct effect on the size and type of crime, and the legitimacy of actors in general. As a result, a new type of crime as it was after the “cyber crime”, which take many forms, as we shall see later.
As the recent evolution of e-crime as a result of the lack of agreement on a common definition, it is, for example, we find the following definitions:
1) Police identified the British e-crime as:
“Use of the computer network to a criminal act.”
2) As defined by the European Union as:
“Any criminal offense committed against Oobastamal computer network.”
3) as defined by the general prosecution of Oman as:
“The e-crime if the commission of the offense, using modern technology, whether a computer or any other modern electronic device, which could otherwise not be committed”
4) and defined by eradication of Oman as:
“Consistent with the elimination of Oman in the definition of electronic crime with the definition of the prosecution of Oman, but it increased the possibility of electronic crime branch to more than offense in the same incident,”
5) and I know I, personally, as:
“Communication from the computer to any computer, Augeaz-mail Latest by Aodolip a local network such as the Internet in order to deprive the commission of the law”

Despite the differences in the definition of each term, however, that my computer and criminally Hadhartin in all definitions, this suggests an indirect manner to the potential danger of the clutches of modern technology. I have followed a path condition in the definition of cyber-crime, has compiled the technical and legal sides to be the adaptation of the crime as a crime online, has stressed the need for communication between a computer and a computer, otherwise it can not commit a crime through the work of the electronic device Whatever the type of single offense induced. The evidence for that – according to my reading of the penal laws in some Arab countries – it can be used in many computer crimes, but not necessarily be adapted as an electronic crime, the law prohibited the dissemination of publications, Aogerimp and document forgery of documents, images Awallaab people and distort the purpose of insulting the dignity. Each of those crimes could probably not occur but for the use of computers in it, but he can not be classified as electronic, but are to act out. At the same time, is to adapt all of those offenses as soon as automatically sending an electronic device from one computer to another, if taking into account the definition provided in this working paper, the dissemination of publications and articles are prohibited by law, such as libel and defamation on the Web sites, or falsification of documents and sending / receiving of / to the Internet, or send pictures via e-mail software have been addressed in order to insult the dignity, and all of those crimes are not, if there has been no communication between the hardware and Houshrt important in the adaptation of Crime and the classification of electronic crime.
It is well known that a proportion of the development of electronic crime on the increase in recent years, as it had begun to take new forms of pluralism and diversity, such as:
1 – Identity Theft: The claim of the identity of a person living Umit.
2 – access to the benefit of non-project related to data by third parties: and include, for example, the use of the identity of another person for a specific objective, such as registering a car in his name to upload Gramadtha.
3 – online fraud: These include all types of fraud to obtain money by claiming Oostamal other personal information to another person.
4 – access to pornographic sites for children: The sex-related crimes such as sex trade network and sexual activity with children.
5 – the dissemination of obscene images of children via the Internet: the publication of photographs of children on the Internet.
6 – insulting the dignity to use the computer: includes threats and assaults and defamation through the network.
7 – computer abuse: The non-authorized access to a network computer without a goal Ooppedv commit a wrongful act and change Ootattiyl work computer as in the case of the dissemination of viruses.
8 – fraud using forged credit cards: the use of modern techniques of credit card fraud.

This is due to the multiplicity and diversity of technical and intellectual openness of the computer users, whether they are offenders Oumajni them. However, the levels of the commission of such crimes in the country is considered safe, so as not to pose a significant threat to the State, although it should alert them because of their negative impact on security and the national economy, and the danger that lies in the rapid development of modern technology and criminal methods of renewable and used in these crimes by offenders, and there are real difficulties facing the security authorities to find the culprits if Oolaik to Kano from abroad for many reasons, including:
1 – the differences in technical and human resources between the Arab countries and the offenders themselves.
2 – absence of a law of cyber-crime is struggling in many countries in the world.
3 – even if the law, but may show non-standard legal terms between the different nations of the world affects the joint cooperation.
4 – difficulties in the delivery of electronic crime offenders in the absence of a law governing the international Ooatvakiet it.
5 – the lack of joint cooperation agreements to track e-crime countries in the world, particularly foreign ones.
6 – Even if the existence of such agreements in many cases are being violated by ignoring the request for the extradition of the perpetrators of the causes are often unknown.
7 – The qualitative change of e-crime compared with the previous period: the perpetrators of these crimes in a more cautious and warned of the former is reflected in the use of more sophisticated techniques, and the most difficult of the security Takba well as to devise new methods of transmitting, without criminal Accessibility arrest and bring them to justice.
Here we review the agenda and prepare for the types of electronic crime in the Sultanate of Oman during the period from 2003 – 2007 from the reality of the records of the Royal Oman Police:

Type of case the number of sexual crimes and the number of defendants accused of age
However, the benefit of access to data concerning the draft by 3 others – seven of the Eastern Asia
- Two from Eastern European States
- Two from the Central Asian states from 26 to 45
6 online fraud – four from South Africa
- One of the Arab States
- One of the East Asia non-specific ages
Fraud using forged credit cards, 8 – Fifteen of the Eastern Asia
- Two from the Arab States
- One citizen
- Two of Britain’s 23 to 45
Insulting the dignity to use the computer 1 – citizen and one of 19
Access to pornographic sites for children 1 – Unknown Unknown
Dissemination of obscene images of children via the Internet 1 – Unknown Unknown
“Official statistics on the section of the Royal Oman Police,”

Device operates the Royal Oman Police is determined to combat such crimes since they emerge, and proceeded to establish a Department to Combat Economic Crime Directorate-General of Inquiries and Criminal Investigation, which means the fight against this type of crime and others, have been provided with all the possibilities of human, material and technical qualifies them to carry out its duties to the fullest extent , was also attached to the cadres working in many training courses both internal Ooaforeigp, in order to keep pace with these crimes in the growth and rapid development has resulted from that effort for the Sultanate at the best investigators in the cyber crime in the world in 2004. Police Service is also participating in many international conferences and forums that are looking at these issues, so that these efforts will have a resonance in the protection of clients in the electronic means and, therefore, attributed by the trust.

The procedures followed by the government to limit the growth of electronic crime rate is considered very good but we should get closer to home, to discuss and investigate the most important of the difficulties faced by the judiciary in dealing with issues of electronic crime, and this has been done. Where we spotted the most important points of view in the penal justice system in the Sultanate:
1 – to rely on the additives and the absence of a separate law: the existence of legal provisions and articles of organization of electronic crime in the Sultanate of Oman, as contained in chapter II bis – Article 276 – of the Omani Penal Code added by Royal Decree No. 72/2001 is undoubtedly a major role in send e-crime rate, Oually least maintain the rate without an increase over the previous five years, and refers to the fit between the law and the size of the qualitative and qualitative electronic crime in the Omani society, but we will no doubt lead to the independence of the law in anticipation of the technological explosion is coming Surely, the Government of the Sultanate fully aware of this, it was keen to get a separate law for the crime of Alaketrwinp has already completed its preparation, despite the relative lack of need for that.
2 – strict interpretation of existing legal materials: It is noted that the absence of a separate law governing the crime and clear the way for open electronic legal interpreter to go to the many dimensions of crime and by adapting the classification of electronic crime, and may explain the particular crime as a crime e-times, and interpreted as a crime non-electronic times the other, depending on the cause of offense to the perpetrator. Let us take an example from the perspective of the reality of crime in the courts of the Sultanate: The “M” of committing the crime of forgery by forgery of some of the data stored in government computers with the intention of producing false documents for personal gain, and, of course, that the process of falsification of such documents are not for use in computers, This corresponds to the definition of the prosecution of cybercrime Oman, and corresponds to the Omani Penal Code in the second chapter of Article 276 bis, when he said:
“Punishable by imprisonment for a term of not less than three months and not more than two years and a fine of one hundred to five hundred riyals Real Oobihdy both for anyone who deliberately use the computer in the commission of one of the following acts:
5 – the falsification of data Ooothaiq programmed in any form.
In spite of the identical offense with the interpretation of the prosecution of cybercrime, despite the legal provision expressly mentioned earlier, but were adapted to the offense, based out of the act of “forgery in official documents” and that carries a prison term of three years.
3 – what the court’s awareness of cyber-crime: The lack of awareness of the right of the courts of justice in what the cyber-crime and ways to take place may constitute a difficulty in making the right provision in the case before the court, even if it were to rely on experts in the field of information technology to respond to questions from the court However, it is possible that there is so little challenged not believe the judiciary is before him, including the lack of adequate understanding of the factors affecting the incidence of cyber-crime, which may affect the sentence in that case.
4 – raising the awareness of the penal justice system: the reality of research in this case, we determined that there is some agreement on the definition of cyber crime in the penal justice system as police and public prosecution and courts in all the different stages and even the defense, and we’re back again to say that the reason for the absence of a separate law governing the electronic crime why I, and the correct procedures must be taken to educate the workers in the justice system to achieve better.

Accordingly, and at the end of this working paper we offer you a summary of what the recommendations and proposals from the field visits to the penal justice system in the Sultanate of Oman:
1 – The Government should initiate new laws, supports the special services that deal with cyber crimes and to do so to review existing laws in order to amend the legislation could be amended later if not already exist. As it encourages criminals to commit crimes is that the laws are not clear in the attached Cybercrime and the ability to apply is not strict.
2 – important things to educate investigators and computer network and information systems, so they can collect digital evidence required to charge. This may not be easy work, as it means the culture over the regular police and investigations.
3 – criminal laboratories in need of more investigators, with advanced techniques as well as the correct legal knowledge that would enable them to collect digital evidence relevant to the prosecution to be a successful prosecution.
4 – citizen awareness and educate the concept of cyber crime and its results when dealing with modern technology. Few people know that the dissemination of the virus on the web is a crime no less serious and the penalty for a crime of sabotage. Should also know that citizen Altalpig for such crimes is essential to reduce them. It may be wise to include any new legislation guarantees to maintain the confidentiality of the identity of the person for a crime which could encourage the initiative of reporting.
5 – security awareness to members of the community the seriousness of this type of crime in various media, as well as incorporate any criminal phenomena appear on the scene, in order to prevent them from falling into the clutches of these crimes.
6 – the role of the educational institution in this awareness, as the student in matters of education must include a computer can make it in his work can be done in accordance with the laws and ethical rules for the use of computers and the network.
7 – scientists and experts need to continue to research and study on the causes that lead to the commission of the crime, knowledge of electronic methods of prevention.
8 – to strengthen the bonds of cooperation and continuous coordination between the various official bodies, the private sector involved in this direction with a view to standardization efforts.
9 – to learn from the experiences and recommendations of the various countries in addressing the methods and procedures of the commission of such issues to enhance the methods and procedures applied in the control and elimination.
10 – Establishment of a national committee to combat cybercrime setting public policy.
11 – the work of intensive workshops for all the penal justice system to understand the ramifications of modern electronic transactions to reduce the gap between the judiciary and especially the technical, we all agree the next technological breakthrough to our Arab societies.

Ended